Choosing the right dental filling can feel overwhelming, especially when faced with terms like “composite” and “amalgam.” Both materials have been used for decades to restore decayed or damaged teeth, but they differ significantly in appearance, composition, durability, and cost.
If you’re considering dental fillings in London, understanding these differences will help you make an informed decision. At Fitzroy Dental Practice, we offer expert guidance and high-quality fillings tailored to your needs. This guide breaks down everything you need to know about composite and amalgam fillings, helping you choose the best option for your smile.
What Are Dental Fillings?
Dental fillings are restorative materials used to repair teeth damaged by decay, cracks, or wear. When bacteria and plaque erode tooth enamel, cavities form. Left untreated, these cavities can lead to pain, infection, and further damage. Fillings seal the cavity, protect the tooth from additional decay, and restore normal function.
Fillings are essential for maintaining oral health. They prevent small problems from becoming major issues that require root canals or extractions. Most adults will need at least one filling during their lifetime, making it one of the most common dental procedures.
What Is a Composite Filling?
Composite fillings, often called “white fillings,” are made from a mixture of powdered glass, quartz, silica, or ceramic particles combined with a resin base. This tooth-coloured material blends seamlessly with your natural teeth, making it virtually invisible.
How Is a Composite Filling Applied?
Applying a composite filling is a precise process:
- Preparation: Your dentist removes the decayed portion of the tooth and cleans the area thoroughly.
- Etching: A mild acid is applied to roughen the tooth surface, helping the filling bond securely.
- Bonding: A special adhesive is applied, followed by the composite resin.
- Layering: The composite is applied in thin layers, with each layer hardened using a special curing light.
- Shaping and Polishing: Once the filling is complete, your dentist shapes and polishes it to match the contours of your tooth.
The entire process typically takes 30 to 60 minutes, depending on the size and location of the cavity.
Benefits of Composite Fillings
- Aesthetic Appeal: Composite fillings are colour-matched to your natural teeth, making them ideal for visible areas like front teeth.
- Bonding Strength: They chemically bond to tooth structure, providing additional support and reducing the risk of fractures.
- Conservative Preparation: Less healthy tooth structure needs to be removed compared to amalgam fillings.
- Versatility: Composite can also repair chipped, broken, or worn teeth, not just cavities.
How Long Do Composite Fillings Last?
With proper care, composite fillings typically last between 5 and 10 years. Their longevity depends on factors like location (back teeth endure more pressure), oral hygiene habits, and diet. Regular dental check-ups help identify any deterioration early.
What Is an Amalgam Filling?
Amalgam fillings, commonly known as “silver fillings,” have been used in dentistry for over 150 years. They’re made from a mixture of metals, including mercury (approximately 50%), silver, copper, tin, and zinc. When combined, these metals form a stable, durable alloy.
How Are Amalgam Fillings Applied?
The placement process for amalgam fillings is relatively straightforward:
- Preparation: The dentist removes decay and shapes the cavity to hold the filling securely.
- Mixing: The amalgam components are mixed to create a pliable material.
- Placement: The amalgam is packed into the prepared cavity.
- Setting: The material hardens within a few hours, though full strength develops over 24 hours.
Benefits and Drawbacks of Amalgam Fillings
Advantages:
- Durability: Amalgam fillings often outlast composite fillings, typically lasting 10 to 15 years or longer.
- Strength: They’re exceptionally hard-wearing and ideal for back teeth (molars) that endure heavy chewing forces.
- Cost-Effective: Amalgam is generally less expensive than composite.
- Quick Placement: The procedure is faster and requires less meticulous moisture control.
Disadvantages:
- Appearance: The silver colour is noticeable and may be aesthetically undesirable, particularly for front teeth.
- Tooth Preparation: More healthy tooth structure may need to be removed to create a secure cavity shape.
- No Bonding: Amalgam doesn’t chemically bond to teeth, relying instead on the cavity shape for retention.
- Temperature Sensitivity: Metal conducts temperature, which may cause temporary sensitivity to hot or cold foods.
Composite Filling vs Amalgam Filling: Key Differences
Aesthetic Considerations
Composite fillings are the clear winner for aesthetics. Their tooth-coloured appearance makes them virtually invisible, perfect for front teeth and visible areas when you smile or speak. Amalgam’s metallic appearance, whilst durable, is conspicuous and can detract from your smile’s natural beauty.
Durability and Longevity
Amalgam fillings generally last longer than composite fillings. Amalgam can withstand heavy chewing forces for 10 to 15 years or more, making it ideal for back teeth. Composite fillings typically last 5 to 10 years, though advances in materials are improving their durability.
However, a composite’s bonding properties can strengthen the remaining tooth structure, potentially offsetting some longevity concerns.
Cost Comparison
On the NHS, both amalgam and composite fillings fall under Band 2 treatment (£75.30 as of April 2025). However, white composite fillings may be restricted to front teeth under NHS guidelines. For back teeth, you may need to pay privately for composite fillings.
Private costs vary, but composite fillings are generally more expensive than amalgam due to the materials used and the time-intensive placement technique. At Fitzroy Dental Practice, we offer transparent pricing and interest-free finance options to make treatments more affordable.
Safety and Regulations
Both materials are considered safe for most patients. The mercury in amalgam fillings is chemically bound to other metals, forming a stable compound. However, UK regulations introduced in July 2018 restrict amalgam use in:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Children under 15 years
- Deciduous (baby) teeth
These restrictions are precautionary, based on environmental concerns and potential mercury exposure, particularly during placement and removal.
Certain groups may wish to avoid amalgam fillings altogether. The FDA recommends that high-risk individuals—including pregnant women, children under six, people with neurological conditions, and those with kidney dysfunction—discuss non-mercury alternatives with their dentist.
Which Filling Type Is Best for Front Teeth?
Composite fillings are the preferred choice for front teeth. Their ability to match tooth colour ensures a natural appearance that blends seamlessly with your smile. Amalgam’s silver colour would be immediately noticeable in visible areas, making it unsuitable for aesthetic considerations.
Why Choose Composite Fillings at Fitzroy Dental Practice?
Expertise in Aesthetic Dentistry
At Fitzroy Dental Practice, we specialise in composite fillings that restore both function and beauty. Our experienced team takes the time to colour-match materials precisely, ensuring your filling blends perfectly with your natural teeth.
Long-Term Benefits
Whilst composite fillings may require replacement sooner than amalgam, their bonding properties help preserve healthy tooth structure. This conservative approach can contribute to better long-term dental health.
Modern Dental Aesthetics
Composite fillings align with contemporary expectations for dental care. Patients increasingly value treatments that enhance their smile’s appearance whilst maintaining optimal oral health.
Patient Testimonials
Our patients consistently praise the natural results achieved with composite fillings. As Kiana Carter shared: “I felt very well taken care of and comfortable during my appointment. Would highly recommend and attend again in future.”
Finding the Right Dental Fillings in London
Why Fitzroy Dental Practice?
Located in the heart of London, Fitzroy Dental Practice offers comprehensive dental care in a comfortable, professional environment. Our team stays current with the latest techniques and materials, ensuring you receive the highest standard of treatment.
We provide:
- Thorough consultations to discuss your options
- Transparent pricing with no hidden costs
- Interest-free finance to spread treatment costs over 12 months
- A welcoming atmosphere where your comfort is our priority
How We Help You Choose
Selecting the right filling involves considering multiple factors: the tooth’s location, the cavity’s size, your aesthetic preferences, your budget, and any health considerations. During your consultation, we’ll explain all available options, discuss the benefits and limitations of each material, and help you make an informed decision.
Protect Your Smile with Expert Care
Choosing between composite and amalgam fillings depends on your individual needs, priorities, and circumstances. Composite fillings offer superior aesthetics and conservative tooth preparation, making them ideal for front teeth and patients who value appearance. Amalgam fillings provide exceptional durability and cost-effectiveness, particularly suitable for back teeth that endure heavy chewing forces.
At Fitzroy Dental Practice, we’re committed to helping you make the best decision for your oral health. Our experienced team will guide you through your options, answer your questions, and provide treatment that exceeds your expectations.
Don’t let dental problems worsen. Book a consultation with Fitzroy Dental Practice today to discuss your filling options and receive expert care tailored to your needs. With our transparent pricing, interest-free finance, and patient-focused approach, achieving a healthy, beautiful smile has never been more accessible.
Contact Fitzroy Dental Practice now to schedule your appointment and take the first step towards optimal dental health.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long do dental filling last?
Dental fillings typically last between 5 and 15 years, depending on the material used and your oral care routine. Composite fillings may last up to 10 years, while amalgam fillings can last longer.
Can you eat after a dental filling?
You should avoid eating for at least 1 hour after a filling to allow it to set. For composite fillings, avoid hard or sticky foods for 24 hours to ensure proper bonding.
How long does a temporary dental filling last?
A temporary dental filling lasts between a few days to a few weeks, providing short-term protection until a permanent filling is placed. It’s essential to avoid hard foods and maintain oral hygiene during this time.
Are private fillings better than NHS?
Private fillings often offer higher quality materials and a more aesthetic finish. NHS fillings are functional but may use different materials, and the process could be less personalized compared to private treatments.
What do dental fillings look like?
Dental fillings are designed to blend with your natural teeth. Composite fillings match the tooth colour, while amalgam fillings are silver-colored. Both types restore the tooth’s function and appearance after decay removal.
